Our company is committed to advancing knowledge and conservation. This bibliography lists the contributions to scientific literature we have made over the course of our history: more than 350 peer-reviewed articles, book chapters and books (authored in whole or part) by our team members. (The names in bold indicate an affiliation with our company.) These publications include research on a wide variety of marine and terrestrial animals in numerous arenas of investigation. These studies reflect the knowledge, skill, commitment and passion of our staff. Beyond these direct contributions, still more manuscripts were authored by outside researchers that utilized our animals and data. Those outside studies benefited from access to our animals in a controlled environment that is impossible to duplicate in the wild.

 

Bibliography

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Branstetter, B.K., St. Leger, J., Acton, D., Stewart, J., Houser, D., Finneran, J.J., and Jenkins, K. 2017. Killer whale (Orcinus orca) behavioral audiograms. Acoustical Society of America. 141(4)2387-2398. doi:10.1121/1.4979116.

Brodie, E. C., Gulland, F.M.D., Greig, D.J., Hunter, M., Jaakola, J., St. Leger, J., Leighfield, T.A. and Van Dolah, F.M. 2006. Domoic acid causes reproductive failure in California sea lions (Zalophus californianus). Marine Mammal Science. 22(3):700-707.

Browning, N. E., Dold, C., I-Fan, J., and Worthy, G. A. J. 2014. Isotope turnover rates and diet-tissue discrimination in skin of ex situ bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). The Journal of Experimental Biology. 217: 214-221.

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Buckles, E. L, Lowenstine, L. J., Funke, C., Vittore, R. K., Wong, H. N., St. Leger, J., Greig, D. J., Duerr, R. S., Gulland, F. M. D. and Stott, L. J. 2006. Otarine herpesvirus-1, not papillomavirus, is associated with endemic tumours in California Sea Lions (Zalophus californianus). Journal of Comparative Pathology. 135(4): 183-189.

Buckles, E. L., Lowenstine, L.J., DeLong, R.L, Melin, S.R., Vittore, R.K., Wong, H.N., Ross, G.L, St. Leger, J.A., Greig, D.J., Duerr, R.S., Gulland, F.M.D. and Stott, J.L. 2007. Age-prevalence of otarine herpesvirus-1, a tumor-associated virus, and possibility of its sexual transmission in California sea lions. Veterinary Microbiology. 120: 1-8.

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Campbell, T. W. 1990. Common parasites of exotic pets – part I. Veterinary Technician. 11(4):223-225.

Campbell, T. W. 1993. Amphibian husbandry and medical care. Veterinary Technician. 14(10):601-605.

Campbell, T. W. 1994. Cytology. pp. 199-222. In: B. W. Ritchie, G. J. Harrison and L. R. Harrison (Eds.), Avian Medicine: Principles and Application. Wingers Publishing, Inc.: Lake Worth, FL.

Campbell, T. W. 1994. Hematology. pp. 176-198. In: B. W. Ritchie, G. J. Harrison and L. R. Harrison (Eds.), Avian Medicine: Principles and Application. Wingers Publishing, Inc.: Lake Worth, FL.

Campbell, T. W., and B. Phillips 1993. Rehabilitation of sea turtles. Veterinary Technician. 14(3):165-169.

Campbell, T. W., J. D. Letcher, and D. H. Nielsen 1993. Diseases of aquarium fish. pp. 45-49. In: P. W. Pratt (Ed.), Review Questions and Answers for Veterinary Boards, Ancillary Topics. American Veterinary Publications, Inc.:Goleta, CA.

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Cassiano, E.J., Wittenrich, M.L., Violetta, G.C., and Watson, C.A. 2012. Growth and survival of poarkfish (Anisotremus virginicus) large: comparing rotifers and copepod nauplii during first feeding. ABAH Bioflux. 4(2):72-78.

Clark, S. 2002. First report of albinism in the white-spotted bamboo shark, Chiloscyllium plagiosum (Orectolobiformes: Hemiscyllidae), with a review of reported color aberrations in elasmobranchs. Zoo Biology. 21(6): 519-524.

Clark, S. T. 2000. Age, growth, and distributions of the giant snake eel, Ophichthus rex, in the Gulf of Mexico. Bulletin of Marine Science. 67(3): 911-922.

Clark, S. T. and D. K. Odell 1999. Allometric relationships and sexual dimorphism in captive killer whales (Orcinus orca). Journal of Mammalogy. 80(3): 777-785.

Clark, S. T., and Odell, D. K. 1999. Nursing parameters in captive killer whales (Orcinus orca). Zoo Biology. 18(5): 373-384.

Clark, S. T., Odell, D. K. and Lacinak, C. T. 2000. Aspects of growth in captive killer whales (Orcinus orca). Marine Mammal Science. 16(1): 110-123.

Clark, S.T. and Odell, D. K. 1999. Nursing behaviors in captive false killer whales (Pseudorca crassidens). Aquatic Mammals. 25(3): 183-191.

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Colegrove, K. M., St. Leger, J. A., Raverty, S., Jang, S., Berman-Kowalewski, M. and Gaydos, J. K. 2010. Salmonella newport omphaloarteritis in a stranded killer whale (Orcinus orca) neonate. Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 46(4): 1300-1304.

Colegrove, K. M., Wellehan, J. F. X., Rivera, R., Moore, P. F., Gulland, F. M. D., Lowenstine, L. J., Nordhausen, R.W. and Nollens, H. H. 2010. Polyomavirus infection in a free-ranging California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) with intestinal T-cell lymphoma. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 22(4): 628-632.

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Colitz, C. M., Renner, M. S., Manire, C. A., Doesher, B., Schmitt, T. L. , Osborn, S. D., Croft, L., Olds, J., Gehring, E., Mergl, J., Tuttle, A. D., Sutherland-Smith, M., Olds, J., and Rudnick, J. C. 2010. Characterization of progressive keratitis in otariids. Veterinary Ophthalmology. 13(s1): 47-53.

Cornell, L. H. 1978. Capture, Transportation, Restraint and Marking. pp. 573-579. In: Fowler (Ed.), Zoo and Wild Animal Medicine. W.B. Saunders: Philadelphia, PA.

Cornell, L. H. 1986. Zoological Parks and Aquariums – Bridges of Learning. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences. 76(1):51-55.

Cornell, L. H., and E. D. Asper 1978. A census of captive marine mammals in North America. International Zoo Yearbook. 18:220-224.

Cornell, L. H., and J. E. Antrim 1987. Anesthesia and tusk extraction in walrus. Journal of Zoo Animal Medicine. 18:3-6.

Cornell, L. H., B. J. Golden, and K. Osborn 1975. Pseudopersistent urachus in a baby walrus. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 167(7): 548-549.

Cornell, L. H., D. A. Duffield, B. E. Joseph, and B. Stark 1988. Hematology and serum chemistry values in the beluga (Delphinapterus leucas). Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 24(2):220-224.

Cornell, L. H., E. D. Asper, and D. A. Duffield 1982. Census update: captive marine mammals in North America. International Zoo Yearbook. 22:227-232.

Cornell, L. H., E. D. Asper, J. E. Antrim, S. W. Searles, W. G. Young, and T. Goff 1987. Progress report: results of a long-range captive breeding program for the bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus gilli. Zoo Biology. 6(1):41-53.

Cornell, L. H., J. E. Antrim, K. Osborn, and J. Simpson 1979. Coccidiomycosis in a wild California sea otter (Enhydra lutris). Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 15(3): 373-378.

Cornell, R., R. Cortell, J. Stofan, and W. Street 1994. Information highway’s educator’s update. Educational Media International. 31(2):92-97.

Cornell. L.H. 1983. Hematology and clinical chemistry values in the killer whale (Orcinus orca ). Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 19(3):259-264.

Crance, J.L., A.E. Bowles, and A. Garver.:  Evidence for vocal learning in juvenile male killer whales, Orcinus orca, from an adventitious cross-socializing experiment.  2014;   The Journal of Experimental Biology. 217:1229-1237  (doi:10.1242/jeb.094300).

Cranford, T. W., McKenna, M. F., Soldevilla, M. S., Wiggins, S. M., Goldbogen, J. A., Shadwick, R. E., Krysl, P., St. Leger, J. A., and Hildebrand, J. A. 2008. Anatomic geometry of sound transmission and reception in Cuvier’s beaked whale (Ziphius cavirostris). The Anatomical Record. 291(4), 353-378.

Croft, L., Napoli, E., Hung, C. K., Leger, J. S., Gearhart, S., Heym, K., Wong S., Sakaguchi, D., Lin, A. Puschner, B. and Giulivi, C. 2013. Clinical evaluation and biochemical analyses of thiamine deficiency in Pacific harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) maintained at a zoological facility. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association. 243(8), 1179-1189.

Dailey, M., M. Walsh, D. Odell, and T. Campbell 1991. Evidence of prenatal infection in the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) with lungworm, Halocercus lagenorhynchi (Nematoda: Pseudaliidae). Journal of Wildlife Disease. 27(1):164-165.

Danil, K., St. Leger, J.A., Dennison, S., Bernaldo de Quirόs, Y., Scadeng, M., Nilson, E., and Beauulieu, N. 2014.  Clostridium perfringens septicemia in a long-beaked common dolphin Delphinus capensis: an etiology of gas bubble accumulation in cetaceans.  Diseases of Aquatic Organisms.  111: 183-190.  doi: 10.3354/dao02783.

Danil, K. and St. Leger, J. A. 2011. Seabird and dolphin mortality associated with underwater detonation exercises. Marine Technology Society Journal. 45(6): 89-95.

Danil, K., Chivers, S. J., Henshaw, M. D., Thieleking, J. L., Daniels, R. and St. Leger, J. A. 2010. Cetacean strandings in San Diego County, California, USA: 1851–2008. Journal of Cetacean Research and Management. 11(2): 163–184.

Dau, B. K., Gilardi, K.V., Gulland, F. M. D., Higgins, A., Holcomb, J. B., St. Leger, J. and Ziccardi, M. H. 2009. Fishing gear-related injury in California marine wildlife. Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 45(2): 355-362.

Davis, R. W., T. M. Williams, J. A. Thomas, R. A. Kastelein, and L. H. Cornell 1988. The effects of oil contamination and cleaning on sea otters (Enhydra lutris). II. Metabolism, thermoregulation and behavior. Canadian Journal of Zoology. 66:2782-2790.

Diebold, E. N., S. Branch, and L. Henry 1999. Management of penguin populations in North American zoos and aquariums. Marine Ornithology. 27:171-176.

Dierenfeld, E. S., N. Katz, J. Pearson, F. Murru, and E. D. Asper 1991. Retinol and a-tocopherol concentrations in whole fish commonly fed in zoos and aquariums. Zoo Biology. 10:119-125.

Dold, C. and Ridgway, S. 2007. Cetaceans. pp. 485-496 In: G. West, D. Heard, and N Kaulkett (Eds.) Zoo Animal and Wildlife Immobilization and Anesthesia. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford, UK.

Dudley, M. 1992. First Pacific record of a hooded seal, Cystophora cristata, 1777. Marine Mammal Science. 8(2):164-168.

Duffield, D. A., J. Chamberlin-Lea, and J. E. Antrim 1996. A complex chromosome rearrangement of the karyotype of a wild-caught male sea otter. Endangered Species UPDATE. 13(12):68-72.

Duffield, D. A., S. H. Ridgway, and L. H. Cornell 1983. Hematology distinguishes coastal and off-shore forms of dolphins (Tursiops). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 61(4):930-933.

Duffield, D.A., Odell, D.K., McBain, J.F. and Andrews, B.A. 1995. Killer whale (Orcinus orca) reproduction at Sea World. Zoo Biology. 14:417-430.

Duffy, D. C., F. S. Todd, and W. R. Siegfried 1987. Submarine foraging behavior of alcids in an artificial environment. Zoo Biology. 6:373-378.

Duignan, P. J., C. House, D. K. Odell, R. S. Wells, L. J. Hansen, M. T. Walsh, D. J. St. Aubin, B. K. Rima, and J. R. Geraci 1996. Morbillivirus infection in bottlenose dolphins: evidence for recurrent epizootics in the western Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico. Marine Mammal Science. 12(4):499-515.

Duignan, P. J., C. House, J. R. Geraci, G. Early, H. G. Copland, M. T. Walsh, G. D. Bossart, C. Cray, S. Sadove, D. J. St. Aubin, and M. Moore 1995. Morbillivirus infection in two species of pilot whales (Globicephala sp.) from the Western Atlantic. Marine Mammal Science., 11(2):150-162.

Duignan, P. J., C. House, J. R. Geraci, N. Duffy, B. K. Rima, M. T. Walsh, G. Early, D. J. St. Aubin, S. Sadove, H. Koopman, and H. Rhinehart 1995. Morbillivirus infection in cetaceans of the Western Atlantic. Veterinary Microbiology. 44:241-249.

Dumonceaux, G. A., A. J. Smith, and M. M. Garner 1999. Anterior coelomic rhabdomyosarcoma in a Central American banded gecko, Coleonyx mitratus. Bulletin of the Association of Reptilian and Amphibian Veterinarians. 9(1):23-25.

Dumonceaux, G. 2006. Digestive System. pp. 299-307 In M. E. Fowler and S. K. Mikota (Eds.) Biology, Medicine and Surgery of Elephants. Blackwell Publishing, Ames, Iowa

Dumonceaux, G., J. Baumann, and G. Camilo. 2006. Evaluation of progesterone levels in feces of captive reticulated giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis reticulata). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 37(3): 255-261.

Dumonceaux, G., R. Isaza, D. E. Koch, and R.P. Hunter. 2005. Pharmacokinetics and I.M. bioavailability of ceftiofur in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). Journal of Pharmacology Therapeutics 28(5): 441-446.

Dumonceaux, G. A., J. St. Leger, J. H. Olsen, M. S. Burton, D. Ashkin, and J. N. Maslow. 2011. Genitourinary and pulmonary multidrug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 42(4): 709-712

Dunn, J. L., J. D. Buck, and T. R. Robeck 2001. Infectious Diseases of Marine Mammals: Bacterial Diseases of Cetaceans and Pinnipeds. pp. 309-335. In: L. A. Dierauf and F. M. D. Gulland (Eds.), CRC Handbook of Marine Mammal Medicine, 2nd Edition. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

Durden, W. N., St. Leger, J., Stolen, M., Mazza, T. and Londono, C. 2009. Lacaziosis in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida, USA. Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 45(3): 849-856.

Edds, P. L., D. K. Odell, and B. R. Tershy 1993. Vocalizations of a captive juvenile and free-ranging adult-calf pairs of Bryde’s whale, Balaenoptera edeni. Marine Mammal Science. 9(3):269-284.

Eisner, T. and Dalton, L. M. 1993. Emetic voidance of stomach lining induced by massive beetle ingestion in a beluga whale. Journal of Chemical Ecology. 19(8): 1833-1836.

Emerson, C. L., J. A. C. Eurell, M. D. Brown, M. Walsh, D. Odell, and J. L. Wagner 1990. Ruptured intervertebral disc in a juvenile king penguin (Aptenodytes patagonica). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine. 21(3):345-350.

Erickson, K. L., L. DiMolfetto-Landon, R. S. Wells, T. Reidarson, J. L. Stott, and D. A. Ferrick 1995. Development of an interleukin-2 receptor expression assay and its use in evaluation of cellular immune responses in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). Journal of Wildlife Diseases. 31(2):142-149.

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